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A contemporary examination of what information is represented, how that information is presented, and who gets to participate (and serve as gatekeeper) in the world's largest online repository for information, Wikipedia. Bridging contemporary education research that addresses the 'experiential epistemology' of learning to use Wikipedia with an understanding of how the inception and design of the platform assists this, the book explores the complex disconnect between the encyclopedia's formalized policy and the often unspoken norms that govern its knowledge-making processes. At times both laudatory and critical, this book illustrates Wikipedia's struggle to combat systemic biases and lack of representation of marginalized topics as it becomes the standard bearer for equitable and accessible representation of reality in an age of digital disinformation and fake news. Being an important and timely contribution to the field of media and communication studies, this book will appeal to academics and researchers interested in digital disinformation, information literacy, and representation on the Internet, as well as students studying these topics.

Wikipedia. --- Media studies

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Parmi les dix premiers sites visités au monde, Wikipédia est désormais d’un usage courant dans le milieu éducatif et scientifique. Mais quelles sont exactement les relations que les chercheurs ont nouées avec la plus célèbre encyclopédie participative et collaborative en ligne ? Tel est l’objet de ce livre collectif et interdisciplinaire, où alternent études de cas et réflexions transversales. En observant la participation des chercheurs et experts à Wikipédia, l’ouvrage cherche notamment à identifier des enjeux en termes d’intermédiation des savoirs, de structuration et de reconnaissance d’un champ ou de diffusion de la culture scientifique. Il a aussi pour ambition de présenter les problématiques soulevées par les chercheurs qui se sont saisis de Wikipédia en tant qu’objet de recherche, pour étudier la transformation des formes de savoir, les processus d’élaboration des articles et la gouvernance de l’encyclopédie. Ce tour d’horizon revient pour finir sur les modes d’utilisation de Wikipédia par les chercheurs et les enseignants dans le cadre de leur activité scientifique ou pédagogique, pour en saisir aussi bien les modalités effectives que les représentations relevant du discours ou de l’imaginaire. Les douze contributions qui composent cet ouvrage en attestent : Wikipédia est bien un objet scientifique émergent, et les auteurs ici réunis nous aident à mieux l’identifier.

Wikipedia --- Humanities, Multidisciplinary --- Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary --- Wikipédia --- encyclopédie --- encyclopédie participative --- culture scientifique --- internet --- chercheur --- autorité

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Das populäre Weltbild und damit auch das Geschichtsbild werden zunehmend durch das Internet geprägt. Die Online-Enzyklopädie Wikipedia trägt durch ihre Popularität hierzu wesentlich bei. Aus verschiedenen Gründen hadert die Geschichtswissenschaft aber noch mit dem interaktiven Nachschlagewerk. Trotz aller inhaltlichen Probleme stellt die Wikipedia aber mittlerweile eine quantitativ große Sammlung von Einzeldaten dar, die bei entsprechend kritischen Methoden auch für die Geschichtswissenschaft ertragreich sein kann. Im Sammelband wird die Wikipedia als von außen an die Geschichtswissenschaft herangetragene Herausforderung analysiert. Systematisch werden Probleme wie Rückschaufehler, Ingroup-Bias, Geschichtsfragmentierung, Tendenz zu Biografiengeschichte oder zu rhizomartiger Ausprägung untersucht, aber auch die möglichen Schnittstellen für eine Zusammenarbeit mit der Wikipedia-Community in der akademischen Forschung und Lehre aufgrund der bisherigen Erfahrungen zusammengefasst. Eine Chronologie der Entwicklung der Wikipedia und eine umfangreiche Bibliographie runden den Band ab. Historical scholarship and the digital humanities are still struggling to come to terms with the rise of Wikipedia, which has grown prodigiously in the last decade. Because of its enormous range, Wikipedia has made a significant impact on popular historical understanding. The contributors analyze Wikipedia as an external challenge to scholarship and sound out potential opportunities for collaboration with Wikipedia in research and teaching.

History --- Academic writing --- Methodology. --- Data processing. --- Research --- Annals --- Learned writing --- Scholarly writing --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Authorship --- Historiography --- Wikipedia. --- Theory --- Methods

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Wikipedia’s first twenty years: how what began as an experiment in collaboration became the world’s most popular reference work. We have been looking things up in Wikipedia for twenty years. What began almost by accident—a wiki attached to an nascent online encyclopedia—has become the world’s most popular reference work. Regarded at first as the scholarly equivalent of a Big Mac, Wikipedia is now known for its reliable sourcing and as a bastion of (mostly) reasoned interaction. How has Wikipedia, built on a model of radical collaboration, remained true to its original mission of “free access to the sum of all human knowledge” when other tech phenomena have devolved into advertising platforms? In this book, scholars, activists, and volunteers reflect on Wikipedia’s first twenty years, revealing connections across disciplines and borders, languages and data, the professional and personal. The contributors consider Wikipedia’s history, the richness of the connections that underpin it, and its founding vision. Their essays look at, among other things, the shift from bewilderment to respect in press coverage of Wikipedia; Wikipedia as “the most important laboratory for social scientific and computing research in history”; and the acknowledgment that “free access” includes not just access to the material but freedom to contribute—that the summation of all human knowledge is biased by who documents it.

Wikipedia --- History. --- Computers / Internet / User-generated Content --- Language Arts & Disciplines / Library & Information Science / Digital & Online Resources --- Computers / Internet --- Computers --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Cybernetics --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Wikipedia. --- Computers. --- Internet. --- User-generated Content. --- Language Arts. --- Electronic information resources. --- Library science.

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With an emphasis on peer–produced content and collaboration, Wikipedia exemplifies a departure from traditional management and organizational models. This iconic "project" has been variously characterized as a hive mind and an information revolution, attracting millions of new users even as it has been denigrated as anarchic and plagued by misinformation. Have Wikipedia's structure and inner workings promoted its astonishing growth and enduring public relevance? In Common Knowledge?, Dariusz Jemielniak draws on his academic expertise and years of active participation within the Wikipedia community to take readers inside the site, illuminating how it functions and deconstructing its distinctive organization. Against a backdrop of misconceptions about its governance, authenticity, and accessibility, Jemielniak delivers the first ethnography of Wikipedia, revealing that it is not entirely at the mercy of the public: instead, it balances open access and power with a unique bureaucracy that takes a page from traditional organizational forms. Along the way, Jemielniak incorporates fascinating cases that highlight the tug of war among the participants as they forge ahead in this pioneering environment.

Organizational sociology. --- Electronic encyclopedias --- Encyclopedias and dictionaries --- Interactive encyclopedias --- Multimedia encyclopedias --- Online encyclopedias --- Electronic publications --- Electronic reference sources --- Organization (Sociology) --- Organization theory --- Sociology of organizations --- Sociology --- Bureaucracy --- Social aspects. --- Wikipedia. --- Organizational sociology --- Social aspects --- E-books